Italy

People

Italian (includes small clusters of German-, French-, and Slovene-Italians in the north and Albanian-Italians and Greek-Italians in the south). Italian (official), German (parts of Trentino-Alto Adige region are predominantly German-speaking), French (small French-speaking minority in Valle d'Aosta region), Slovene (Slovene-speaking minority in the Trieste-Gorizia area)

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1990 2000 2010 2020
Population, total (millions) 56.72 56.94 59.28 59.45
Population growth (annual %) 0.1 0 0.3 -0.5
Surface area (sq. km) (thousands) 301.3 301.3 301.3 302.1
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) 192.9 193.6 201.5 199.7
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) .. 18.9 19.8 20.1
Income share held by lowest 20% 7.7 6.3 6.4 6.1
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) 77 80 82 82
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.2
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) 9 7 6 5
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) .. .. 65 ..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) .. 100 100 ..
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) 10 6 4 3
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) .. .. .. ..
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) 43 74 91 92
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 101 102 104 98
School enrollment, primary (% gross) 98.3 103.9 103 101
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) 80 93 103 101
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) 1 1 1 1
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2
Environment
Forest area (sq. km) (thousands) 75.9 83.7 90.3 95.7
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) .. .. .. 14
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) 23.1 22.9 18.6 18.7
Urban population growth (annual %) 0.1 0.1 0.5 0
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) 2,584 3,012 2,931 ..
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) 7.15 7.66 6.84 5.38
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 4,145 5,300 5,494 ..
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) .. .. .. ..
Net migration (thousands) 153 1,664 1,637 745
Personal remittances, received (current US$) (millions) 5,075 1,790 7,975 9,711
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions) 6,441 13,173 9,931 -22,091
Net official development assistance received (current US$) (millions) .. .. .. ..