>Israel
People
The people of Israel are made up primarily of Jews with a large minority of Arabs. The Jews of Israel are primarily immigrants coming from both Europe and the Middle East. In recent years nearly one million Jews immigrated to Israel from the Soviet Union. Hebrew is the official language of the country
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| 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2018 | |
| Population, total (millions) | 4.66 | 6.29 | 7.62 | 8.88 |
| Population growth (annual %) | 3.1 | 2.6 | 1.8 | 1.9 |
| Surface area (sq. km) (thousands) | 22.1 | 22.1 | 22.1 | 22.1 |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 215.3 | 290.6 | 352.3 | 410.5 |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | 6.9 | 5.9 | 4.7 | 5.1 |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 77 | 79 | 82 | 83 |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 2.8 | 3 | 3 | 3.1 |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 20 | 17 | 13 | 9 |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any methods (% of women ages 15-49) | 68 | .. | .. | .. |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 99 | .. | .. | .. |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 12 | 7 | 5 | 4 |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 91 | 95 | 96 | 98 |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 106 | 103 | 102 |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 96.5 | 107.2 | 105.4 | 104.7 |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 90 | 104 | 103 | 106 |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Environment | ||||
| Forest area (sq. km) (thousands) | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | 8.6 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 206.9 | 205.8 | 168.3 | 159.7 |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.2 | 2.7 | 1.9 | 2 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 2,460 | 2,899 | 3,042 | 2,778 |
| CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 7.79 | 9.58 | 9.04 | 7.63 |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 4,176 | 6,323 | 6,953 | .. |