Chile

People

The major ethnic groups in Chile are Mestizo (mixed native American and European ancestry), which comprise 66 percent of the population; Europeans, which compromise 25 percent of the population and native American who make up 7 percent. Literacy is very high in Chile, and the majority of the people are Roman Catholic.

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1990 2000 2010 2018
Population, total (millions) 13.27 15.34 17.06 18.73
Population growth (annual %) 1.6 1.2 1 1.4
Surface area (sq. km) (thousands) 756.1 756.1 756.1 756.7
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) 17.9 20.6 22.9 25.2
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) .. 36 22.2 8.6
Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population) 8.1 4.4 0.6 0.3
Income share held by lowest 20% 3.4 3.8 5.3 5.8
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) 74 76 79 80
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) 2.6 2.1 1.9 1.6
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) 66 60 54 40
Contraceptive prevalence, any methods (% of women ages 15-49) 56 61 .. 76
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 99 99 100 100
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) 19 11 9 7
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) .. 0.7 0.5 ..
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) 97 97 93 93
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) .. .. 96 95
School enrollment, primary (% gross) 102.6 103 103.8 101.4
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) 74 86 90 102
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) 1 1 1 1
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5
Environment
Forest area (sq. km) (thousands) 152.6 158.3 162.3 180.4
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) .. .. .. 27
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) 2.3 .. 4 ..
Urban population growth (annual %) 1.8 1.5 1.1 1.5
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) 1,055 1,640 1,808 2,006
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) 2.51 3.83 4.23 4.71
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 1,238 2,499 3,307 ..
Net migration (thousands) 4 42 164 559