Sixty-Eight percent of the population of Burma are Burman. The Shan make up 9% of the population; The Karen 7%, the Rakhine 4%, Chinese make up 3%, the Mon 2%, Indian 2%, and other 5%. The language of Burma is Burmese. ..
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1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2016 | |
Population, total (millions) | 40.63 | 46.1 | 50.16 | 53.37 |
Population growth (annual %) | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.9 |
Surface area (sq. km) (thousands) | 676.6 | 676.6 | 676.6 | 676.6 |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 62.2 | 70.5 | 76.8 | 81.7 |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | 42.4 | 32.1 |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | 7.3 |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 59 | 62 | 65 | 67 |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.5 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 2.2 |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 46 | 38 | 32 | 29 |
Contraceptive prevalence, any methods (% of women ages 15-49) | 17 | 37 | 46 | 52 |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 46 | 57 | 71 | 60 |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 116 | 90 | 64 | 49 |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | 32.5 | 30.1 | 22.6 | 18.9 |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 68 | 84 | 88 | 83 |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 78 | 86 | 89 |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 92.9 | 100.8 | 98.7 | 111.6 |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 20 | 37 | 50 | 61 |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
Environment | ||||
Forest area (sq. km) (thousands) | 392.2 | 348.7 | 317.7 | 290.4 |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | 4.6 |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 2.8 | 3.3 | .. | .. |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.2 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1.7 |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 263 | 279 | 280 | 372 |
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 0.11 | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.42 |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 45 | 76 | 125 | 217 |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 18.2 | 0.4 | 0 | 0.8 |