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Camp David Accord
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Preamble
The search for peace in the Middle East must be guided by the following:
The agreed basis for a peaceful settlement of the conflict between Israel and its neighbors is United
Nations Security Council Resolution 242, in all its parts.
After four wars during 30 years, despite intensive human efforts, the Middle East, which is the cradle of
civilization and the birthplace of three great religions, does not enjoy the blessings of peace. The people
of the Middle East yearn for peace so that the vast human and natural resources of the region can be
turned to the pursuits of peace and so that this area can become a model for coexistence and cooperation
among nations.
The historic initiative of President Sadat in visiting Jerusalem and the reception accorded to him by the parliament, government and people of Israel, and the reciprocal visit of Prime Minister Begin to Ismailia, the peace proposals made by both leaders, as well as the warm reception of these missions by the peoples
of both countries, have created an unprecedented opportunity for peace which must not be lost if this
generation and future generations are to be spared the tragedies of war.
The provisions of the Charter of the United Nations and the other accepted norms of international law and
legitimacy now provide accepted standards for the conduct of relations among all states.
To achieve a relationship of peace, in the spirit of Article 2 of the United Nations Charter, future
negotiations between Israel and any neighbor prepared to negotiate peace and security with it are
necessary for the purpose of carrying out all the provisions and principles of Resolutions 242 and 338.
Peace requires respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence of every state in
the area and their right to live in peace within secure and recognized boundaries free from threats or acts
of force. Progress toward that goal can accelerate movement toward a new era of reconciliation in the
Middle East marked by cooperation in promoting economic development, in maintaining stability and in
assuring security.
Security is enhanced by a relationship of peace and by cooperation between nations which enjoy normal
relations. In addition, under the terms of peace treaties, the parties can, on the basis of reciprocity, agree
to special security arrangements such as demilitarized zones, limited armaments areas, early warning
stations, the presence of international forces, liaison, agreed measures for monitoring and other
arrangements that they agree are useful.
Framework
Taking these factors into account, the parties are determined to reach a just, comprehensive, and durable
settlement of the Middle East conflict through the conclusion of peace treaties based on Security Council
resolutions 242 and 338 in all their parts. Their purpose is to achieve peace and good neighborly relations. They
recognize that for peace to endure, it must involve all those who have been most deeply affected by the conflict.
They therefore agree that this framework, as appropriate, is intended by them to constitute a basis for peace not
only between Egypt and Israel, but also between Israel and each of its other neighbors which is prepared to
negotiate peace with Israel on this basis. With that objective in mind, they have agreed to proceed as follows:
A.West Bank and Gaza
1.Egypt, Israel, Jordan and the representatives of the Palestinian people should participate in
negotiations on the resolution of the Palestinian problem in all its aspects. To achieve that
objective, negotiations relating to the West Bank and Gaza should proceed in three stages:
a.Egypt and Israel agree that, in order to ensure a peaceful and orderly transfer of
authority, and taking into account the security concerns of all the parties, there should be
transitional arrangements for the West Bank and Gaza for a period not exceeding five
years. In order to provide full autonomy to the inhabitants, under these arrangements the
Israeli military government and its civilian administration will be withdrawn as soon as a
self-governing authority has been freely elected by the inhabitants of these areas to
replace the existing military government. To negotiate the details of a transitional
arrangement, Jordan will be invited to join the negotiations on the basis of this
framework. These new arrangements should give due consideration both to the principle
of self-government by the inhabitants of these territories and to the legitimate security
concerns of the parties involved.
b.Egypt, Israel, and Jordan will agree on the modalities for establishing elected
self-governing authority in the West Bank and Gaza. The delegations of Egypt and
Jordan may include Palestinians from the West Bank and Gaza or other Palestinians as
mutually agreed. The parties will negotiate an agreement which will define the powers
and responsibilities of the self-governing authority to be exercised in the West Bank and
Gaza. A withdrawal of Israeli armed forces will take place and there will be a
redeployment of the remaining Israeli forces into specified security locations. The
agreement will also include arrangements for assuring internal and external security and
public order. A strong local police force will be established, which may include
Jordanian citizens. In addition, Israeli and Jordanian forces will participate in joint
patrols and in the manning of control posts to assure the security of the borders.
c.When the self-governing authority (administrative council) in the West Bank and Gaza is
established and inaugurated, the transitional period of five years will begin. As soon as
possible, but not later than the third year after the beginning of the transitional period,
negotiations will take place to determine the final status of the West Bank and Gaza and
its relationship with its neighbors and to conclude a peace treaty between Israel and
Jordan by the end of the transitional period. These negotiations will be conducted among
Egypt, Israel, Jordan and the elected representatives of the inhabitants of the West Bank
and Gaza. Two separate but related committees will be convened, one committee,
consisting of representatives of the four parties which will negotiate and agree on the
final status of the West Bank and Gaza, and its relationship with its neighbors, and the
second committee, consisting of representatives of Israel and representatives of Jordan
to be joined by the elected representatives of the inhabitants of the West Bank and Gaza,
to negotiate the peace treaty between Israel and Jordan, taking into account the
agreement reached in the final status of the West Bank and Gaza. The negotiations shall
be based on all the provisions and principles of UN Security Council Resolution 242.
The negotiations will resolve, among other matters, the location of the boundaries and
the nature of the security arrangements. The solution from the negotiations must also
recognize the legitimate right of the Palestinian peoples and their just requirements. In
this way, the Palestinians will participate in the determination of their own future
through:
i.The negotiations among Egypt, Israel, Jordan and the representatives of the
inhabitants of the West Bank and Gaza to agree on the final status of the West
Bank and Gaza and other outstanding issues by the end of the transitional
period.
ii.Submitting their agreements to a vote by the elected representatives of the
inhabitants of the West Bank and Gaza.
iii.Providing for the elected representatives of the inhabitants of the West Bank and
Gaza to decide how they shall govern themselves consistent with the provisions
of their agreement.
iv.Participating as stated above in the work of the committee negotiating the peace
treaty between Israel and Jordan.
d.All necessary measures will be taken and provisions made to assure the security of Israel
and its neighbors during the transitional period and beyond. To assist in providing such
security, a strong local police force will be constituted by the self-governing authority. It
will be composed of inhabitants of the West Bank and Gaza. The police will maintain
liaison on internal security matters with the designated Israeli, Jordanian, and Egyptian
officers.
e.During the transitional period, representatives of Egypt, Israel, Jordan, and the
self-governing authority will constitute a continuing committee to decide by agreement
on the modalities of admission of persons displaced from the West Bank and Gaza in
1967, together with necessary measures to prevent disruption and disorder. Other
matters of common concern may also be dealt with by this committee.
f.Egypt and Israel will work with each other and with other interested parties to establish
agreed procedures for a prompt, just and permanent implementation of the resolution of
the refugee problem.
B.Egypt-Israel
1.Egypt-Israel undertake not to resort to the threat or the use of force to settle disputes. Any
disputes shall be settled by peaceful means in accordance with the provisions of Article 33 of the
U.N. Charter.
2.n order to achieve peace between them, the parties agree to negotiate in good faith with a goal of
concluding within three months from the signing of the Framework a peace treaty between them
while inviting the other parties to the conflict to proceed simultaneously to negotiate and conclude
similar peace treaties with a view the achieving a comprehensive peace in the area. The
Framework for the Conclusion of a Peace Treaty between Egypt and Israel will govern the peace
negotiations between them. The parties will agree on the modalities and the timetable for the
implementation of their obligations under the treaty.
C.Associated Principles
1.Egypt and Israel state that the principles and provisions described below should apply to peace
treaties between Israel and each of its neighbors - Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Lebanon.
2.Signatories shall establish among themselves relationships normal to states at peace with one
another. To this end, they should undertake to abide by all the provisions of the U.N. Charter.
Steps to be taken in this respect include:
a.full recognition;
b.abolishing economic boycotts;
c.guaranteeing that under their jurisdiction the citizens of the other parties shall enjoy the
protection of the due process of law.
3.Signatories should explore possibilities for economic development in the context of final peace
treaties, with the objective of contributing to the atmosphere of peace, cooperation and friendship
which is their common goal.
4.Claims commissions may be established for the mutual settlement of all financial claims.
5.The United States shall be invited to participated in the talks on matters related to the modalities
of the implementation of the agreements and working out the timetable for the carrying out of the
obligations of the parties.
6.The United Nations Security Council shall be requested to endorse the peace treaties and ensure
that their provisions shall not be violated. The permanent members of the Security Council shall
be requested to underwrite the peace treaties and ensure respect or the provisions. They shall be
requested to conform their policies an actions with the undertaking contained in this Framework.
For the Government of Israel:
Menachem Begin
For the Government of
the Arab Republic of Egypt
Muhammed Anwar al-Sadat
Witnessed by
Jimmy Carter,
President of the United States of America
Framework for the Conclusion of a Peace Treaty
between Egypt and Israel
In order to achieve peace between them, Israel and Egypt agree to negotiate in good faith with a goal of
concluding within three months of the signing of this framework a peace treaty between them:
It is agreed that:
The site of the negotiations will be under a United Nations flag at a location or locations to be mutually
agreed.
All of the principles of U.N. Resolution 242 will apply in this resolution of the dispute between Israel
and Egypt.
Unless otherwise mutually agreed, terms of the peace treaty will be implemented between two and three
years after the peace treaty is signed.
The following matters are agreed between the parties:
1.the full exercise of Egyptian sovereignty up to the internationally recognized border between Egypt and
mandated Palestine;
2.the withdrawal of Israeli armed forces from the Sinai;
3.the use of airfields left by the Israelis near al-Arish, Rafah, Ras en-Naqb, and Sharm el-Sheikh for
civilian purposes only, including possible commercial use only by all nations;
4.the right of free passage by ships of Israel through the Gulf of Suez and the Suez Canal on the basis of
the Constantinople Convention of 1888 applying to all nations; the Strait of Tiran and Gulf of Aqaba are
international waterways to be open to all nations for unimpeded and nonsuspendable freedom of
navigation and overflight;
5.the construction of a highway between the Sinai and Jordan near Eilat with guaranteed free and peaceful
passage by Egypt and Jordan; and
6.the stationing of military forces listed below.
Stationing of Forces
No more than one division (mechanized or infantry) of Egyptian armed forces will be stationed within an area
lying approximately 50 km. (30 miles) east of the Gulf of Suez and the Suez Canal.
Only United Nations forces and civil police equipped with light weapons to perform normal police functions will
be stationed within an area lying west of the international border and the Gulf of Aqaba, varying in width from 20
km. (12 miles) to 40 km. (24 miles).
In the area within 3 km. (1.8 miles) east of the international border there will be Israeli limited military forces not
to exceed four infantry battalions and United Nations observers.
Border patrol units not to exceed three battalions will supplement the civil police in maintaining order in the area
not included above.
The exact demarcation of the above areas will be as decided during the peace negotiations.
Early warning stations may exist to insure compliance with the terms of the agreement.
United Nations forces will be stationed:
1.in part of the area in the Sinai lying within about 20 km. of the Mediterranean Sea and adjacent to the
international border, and
2.in the Sharm el-Sheikh area to insure freedom of passage through the Strait of Tiran; and these forces will
not be removed unless such removal is approved by the Security Council of the United Nations with a
unanimous vote of the five permanent members.
After a peace treaty is signed, and after the interim withdrawal is complete, normal relations will be established
between Egypt and Israel, including full recognition, including diplomatic, economic and cultural relations;
termination of economic boycotts and barriers to the free movement of goods and people; and mutual protection of
citizens by the due process of law.
Interim Withdrawal
Between three months and nine months after the signing of the peace treaty, all Israeli forces will withdraw east of
a line extending from a point east of El-Arish to Ras Muhammad, the exact location of this line to be determined
by mutual agreement.
For the Government of
the Arab Republic of Egypt:
Muhammed Anwar al-Sadat
For the Government of Israel:
Menachem Begin
Witnessed by:
Jimmy Carter,
President of the United States of America
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